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1 Bigelow, Erastus Brigham
SUBJECT AREA: Textiles[br]b. 2 April 1814 West Boyleston, Massachusetts, USAd. 6 December 1879 USA[br]American inventor of power looms for making lace and many types of carpets.[br]Bigelow was born in West Boyleston, Massachusetts, where his father struggled as a farmer, wheelwright, and chairmaker. Before he was 20, Bigelow had many different jobs, among them farm labourer, clerk, violin player and cotton-mill employee. In 1830, he went to Leicester Academy, Massachusetts, but he could not afford to go on to Harvard. He sought work in Boston, New York and elsewhere, making various inventions.The most important of his early inventions was the power loom of 1837 for making coach lace. This loom contained all the essential features of his carpet looms, which he developed and patented two years later. He formed the Clinton Company for manufacturing carpets at Leicester, Massachusetts, but the factory became so large that its name was adopted for the town. The next twenty years saw various mechanical discoveries, while his range of looms was extended to cover Brussels, Wilton, tapestry and velvet carpets. Bigelow has been justly described as the originator of every fundamental device in these machines, which were amongst the largest textile machines of their time. The automatic insertion and withdrawal of strong wires with looped ends was the means employed to raise the looped pile of the Brussels carpets, while thinner wires with a knife blade at the end raised and then severed the loops to create the rich Wilton pile. At the Great Exhibition in 1851, it was declared that his looms made better carpets than any from hand looms. He also developed other looms for special materials.He became a noted American economist, writing two books about tariff problems, advocating that the United States should not abandon its protectionist policies. In 1860 he was narrowly defeated in a Congress election. The following year he was a member of the committee that established the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.[br]Further ReadingNational Cyclopedia of American Biography III (the standard account of his life). F.H.Sawyer, 1927, Clinton Item (provides a broad background to his life).C.Singer (ed.), 1958, A History of Technology, Vol. V, Oxford: Clarendon Press (describes Bigelow's inventions).RLHBiographical history of technology > Bigelow, Erastus Brigham
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2 Bigelow, Erastus Brigham
(1814-1879) Бигелоу, Эрастус БригхэмИзобретатель. Изобрел и затем усовершенствовал ткацкий станок для производства тканей с узорами и рисунками, цветных клетчатых тканей. В 1843 основал ткацкую фабрику в поселке, который ныне является городом Клинтон, шт. Массачусетс. К 1851 были введены станки, на которых изготавливались ковровые ткани, включая гобелены. Станки этого типа революционизировали американское ткачество, применялись в Англии. В 1861 стал одним из основателей Массачусетского технологического института [ Massachusetts Institute of Technology]English-Russian dictionary of regional studies > Bigelow, Erastus Brigham
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3 Textiles
See also: INDEX BY SUBJECT AREA[br]Dore, Samuel GriswoldHeilmann, JosuéLevers, JohnLister, Samuel CunliffeMa JunSong Yingxing
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Bigelow, Erastus Brigham — ▪ American industrialist born April 2, 1814, West Boylston, Mass., U.S. died Dec. 6, 1879, Boston, Mass. American industrialist, noted as the developer of the power carpet loom and as a founder of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology… … Universalium
BIGELOW, ERASTUS BRIGHAM — American inventor of weaving machines, born in Massachusetts (1814 1879) … The Nuttall Encyclopaedia
Erastus Brigham Bigelow — Infobox Person name = Erastus Brigham Bigelow image size = 250px caption = Erastus Brigham Bigelow birth name = birth date = April 2,1814 birth place = Massachusetts death date = December 6,1879 death place = Boston, Massachusetts death cause =… … Wikipedia
Erastus — may refer to: * Erastus of Corinth, Corinth s director of public works (Romans verse 16:23), disciple of Paul (2 Timothy 4:20) * Erastus Brigham Bigelow (1814–1879), American inventor of weaving machines * Erastus Corning (1794–1872), American… … Wikipedia
textile — /teks tuyl, til/, n. 1. any cloth or goods produced by weaving, knitting, or felting. 2. a material, as a fiber or yarn, used in or suitable for weaving: Glass can be used as a textile. adj. 3. woven or capable of being woven: textile fabrics. 4 … Universalium
Clinton — /klin tn/, n. 1. De Witt /deuh wit /, 1769 1828, U.S. political leader and statesman: governor of New York 1817 21, 1825 28 (son of James Clinton). 2. George, 1739 1812, governor of New York 1777 95, 1801 04: vice president of the U.S. 1805 12. 3 … Universalium
Clinton, Massachusetts — Town Clinton Town Hall … Wikipedia
William Morris Hunt — (March 31, 1824 September 8, 1879), American painter, was born at Brattleboro, Vermont to Jane Maria (Leavitt) Hunt and Jonathan Hunt (Vermont Representative), who raised one of the preeminent families in American art. His father s family were… … Wikipedia
April 2 — Events* 68 Galba, governor of Hispania, names himself legatus senatus populique Romani , breaking the line of Roman emperors begun with Julius Caesar and Augustus. *1453 Mehmed II begins his siege of Constantinople (İstanbul), which would fall on … Wikipedia
December 6 — For the novel, see December 6 (novel). << December 2011 >> Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa 1 … Wikipedia
National Inventors Hall Of Fame — Le National Inventors Hall of Fame est une organisation qui honore les réalisations des inventeurs, peu importe leur nationalité, pour peu que celles ci soient remarquables. Pour y être admis, de son vivant ou à titre posthume, il faut posséder… … Wikipédia en Français
